Who should be referred to us?
- All patients with a history of pulmonary emboli who remain symptomatic with dyspnea despite 3 months of therapeutic anticoagulation should undergo a ventilation-perfusion scan (V/Q scan). If the ventilation-perfusion scan shows mismatched perfusion defects, patients should undergo a right-sided focus echocardiogram and be referred to our center for definitive evaluation and treatment.
- Considering that a proportion of patients with CTEPH do not have a history of pulmonary emboli, the presence of dyspnea with mismatch perfusion defects on V/Q scan should also warrant referral to our center for further evaluation.
- To refer your patient to the CTEPH program, please include:
- A letter of referral
- Clinical notes
- Reports of investigations (V/Q scan, CT thorax, echocardiogram, etc.)
-
Please fax referrals to 416 340 3610
Minimum requirements (must be complete prior to sending referral)
If possible, include
In addition, also include
- Right Heart Angiogram (+ Left Heart Angiogram if >40 years)
- All CD copies of imaging (CT, angiogram, V/Q scan, etc.),
mailed to our office
Next Steps
New referrals are usually seen in 2-4 weeks. The patient will be contacted directly with their appointment time. Patients from other provinces or living remotely within Ontario can be seen by Virtual Care.
Investigations
Initial investigations
- V/Q scan
- Echocardiogram
(RV focus, RVSP, TAPSE, RV FAC) - Bloodwork
(Group and Screen, CBC, Na, K, Cl, Bicarb, Mg, PO4, Creat, Glu, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, Total Billi, Amylase, Alb, Protein, INR/PT/aPTT, Fibrinogen, Antithrombin III level, BNP, SC)
Confirmation of CTEPH
- CTPA
(0.5-1mm axial slices with 1mm coronal and sagittal views) - Right heart catheterization
- 6-minute walk test (with predicted % walked)
- PFTs (with DLCO)
- Venous doppler
- Possible CPET
- Possible BREATH study (exercise RHC)
- Possible pulmonary angiogram (for BPA)
Preparation for Surgery
- Left heart catheterization
- Updated CTPA
- Dopplers
- Venous lower to r/o DVT, possibly upper to assess patency and line insertion
- Arterial – femoral and carotid for patency and tor/o stenosis
- Carotid Arterial for patency stenosis
- Possible Cardiac MRI